On Saturday, September 27, 2025, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov delivered a powerful and wide-ranging address to the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York. His speech covered critical global issues, including Russia’s relations with NATO and the European Union, the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the need for reform in global governance institutions like the UN, and the state of US-Russia relations. Lavrov’s remarks underscored Russia’s perspective on an evolving world order, emphasizing multipolarity, fairness, and adherence to international law while sharply criticizing Western policies. Below is an in-depth exploration of the key points raised in his address.
Russia’s Position on NATO and the European Union
Lavrov began his speech by addressing persistent Western narratives that portray Russia as an aggressor poised to attack NATO or the European Union. He categorically rejected these claims, stating, “Russia has never had, and does not have, intentions to attack NATO or the European Union.” This assertion was meant to counter what Moscow perceives as a deliberate campaign by Western capitals to paint Russia as a global threat. Lavrov emphasized that Russia’s foreign policy is rooted in self-defense and national sovereignty, not expansionism or aggression.
To provide historical context, Lavrov reminded the audience of Russia’s repeated attempts to engage NATO in constructive dialogue. He noted that Moscow has, on multiple occasions, proposed legally binding security guarantees to ensure mutual respect and stability in Europe. These proposals, he claimed, were designed to de-escalate tensions and foster a cooperative security framework. However, Lavrov expressed frustration that NATO capitals have consistently ignored or dismissed these overtures, choosing instead to escalate rhetoric and military posturing.
“Despite our efforts to establish a transparent and cooperative relationship, NATO has opted for confrontation,” Lavrov said. He pointed to what he described as a growing trend of threats to use force against Russia, often accompanied by accusations that Moscow is planning to invade NATO or EU countries. Lavrov called these accusations baseless provocations, noting that Russian President Vladimir Putin has repeatedly debunked such claims in public statements.
Lavrov’s remarks reflect a broader narrative in Russian foreign policy that portrays the West, particularly the United States and NATO, as instigators of global instability. He argued that NATO’s expansion eastward, particularly toward Russia’s borders, has undermined trust and heightened tensions. The minister cited the alliance’s incorporation of former Soviet states and its deployment of military infrastructure in Eastern Europe as examples of provocative actions that have forced Russia to adopt a defensive posture.
To underscore Russia’s resolve, Lavrov issued a stern warning: “Any aggression against my country will be decisively rebuffed. There should be no doubt about this.” This statement was directed not only at NATO and the EU but also at any actors considering hostile actions against Russia. It served as a reminder of Russia’s military capabilities and its determination to protect its sovereignty, particularly in light of ongoing tensions in Ukraine and other regional flashpoints.
Lavrov’s comments also touched on the broader implications of NATO’s policies. He argued that the alliance’s refusal to engage in meaningful dialogue has contributed to a dangerous escalation of global tensions, pushing the world closer to conflict. He called for a return to diplomacy and mutual respect, urging Western leaders to honor their commitments under international agreements and to work toward de-escalation.
The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and Middle East Dynamics
Turning to the Middle East, Lavrov devoted a significant portion of his speech to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which he described as a critical issue requiring urgent international attention. He accused Israel of pursuing policies that undermine the prospects for a two-state solution, as envisioned by long-standing UN resolutions. “The world is witnessing an attempt at a coup d’état aimed at burying the UN resolution on the creation of a Palestinian state,” Lavrov declared, framing Israel’s actions as a deliberate effort to derail the peace process.
Lavrov was particularly critical of Israel’s military operations in Gaza, which he said have resulted in the deaths of thousands of Palestinian civilians, including women and children. He condemned the destruction of civilian infrastructure, such as hospitals and schools, arguing that these actions constitute a form of “collective punishment” that violates international humanitarian law. “There is no justification for such actions,” he stated, calling on the international community to hold Israel accountable.
The Russian foreign minister also criticized Israel’s plans to annex parts of the West Bank, describing them as a violation of Palestinian rights and a direct challenge to the international consensus on a two-state solution. He argued that such moves not only undermine peace efforts but also exacerbate tensions in an already volatile region. Lavrov’s remarks align with Russia’s long-standing position as a supporter of Palestinian statehood, a stance that has often put Moscow at odds with Western powers, particularly the United States.
Lavrov questioned why Western countries, which have publicly expressed support for recognizing a Palestinian state, have delayed taking concrete steps to do so. He suggested that this hesitation reflects a cynical calculation, stating, “Apparently, they hoped that soon there would be nothing and no one to recognize.” This provocative statement implied that Western inaction is complicit in Israel’s efforts to alter the demographic and territorial realities on the ground, effectively erasing the possibility of a viable Palestinian state.
Beyond the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Lavrov addressed broader Middle East issues, including Iran’s nuclear program. He criticized Western efforts to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran, arguing that such measures are illegal and counterproductive. Lavrov highlighted Russia and China’s joint initiative to counter these sanctions, which he said was rejected by Western powers in the UN Security Council. He accused the West of pursuing a policy of “blackmail and pressure” to extract unilateral concessions from Tehran, rather than seeking constructive solutions through dialogue.
“We consider this policy unacceptable,” Lavrov stated, emphasizing that the restoration of anti-Iran sanctions undermines the principles of the UN Charter and the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal. He called for renewed efforts to revive the JCPOA, which was designed to limit Iran’s nuclear activities in exchange for sanctions relief. Lavrov’s remarks reflect Russia’s broader strategy of positioning itself as a defender of Iran’s interests, particularly in the face of Western pressure.
Calls for UN Reform and a Multipolar World Order
A central theme of Lavrov’s speech was the need for sweeping reforms to the United Nations and other global governance institutions to reflect the realities of a multipolar world. He argued that the current structure of the UN, particularly the Security Council, is outdated and fails to account for the rising influence of the Global South. Lavrov called for an expansion of the Security Council to include permanent members from Asia, Africa, and Latin America, specifically naming Brazil and India as potential candidates.
“This is not just a matter of fairness but of correcting historical injustices,” Lavrov said, referring to the underrepresentation of Africa and other regions in global decision-making bodies. He argued that the current composition of the Security Council, with its five permanent members (the United States, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, and France), reflects a post-World War II order that no longer aligns with contemporary geopolitical realities.
Lavrov’s call for UN reform extended beyond the Security Council. He advocated for the democratization of other institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO). He argued that these organizations, which are heavily influenced by Western powers, must adapt to accommodate the growing economic and political clout of developing nations. “The Global South is no longer a peripheral actor in world affairs,” Lavrov said. “Its voice must be heard, and its interests must be respected.”
The Russian foreign minister also criticized what he described as Western attempts to replace the UN Charter with a so-called “rules-based order.” He argued that this vague and selectively applied framework undermines the principles of international law and serves as a tool for Western dominance. “The UN Charter is the cornerstone of global governance,” Lavrov said. “It must be upheld without double standards or selective interpretation.”
Lavrov’s vision of a multipolar world is rooted in the concept of equality among nations, regardless of their size or power. He emphasized that Russia is not advocating for a revolutionary overhaul of the global system but rather for a return to the principles enshrined in the UN Charter. “We simply call on member states and the leadership of the Secretariat to strictly adhere to all the principles of the UN Charter,” he said, urging greater accountability and transparency in global governance.
This focus on multipolarity reflects Russia’s broader foreign policy strategy of countering Western hegemony and promoting a world order in which multiple power centers coexist. Lavrov’s remarks were likely aimed at rallying support from countries in the Global South, many of which share Russia’s skepticism of Western-dominated institutions.
US-Russia Relations and Arms Control
In the final section of his speech, Lavrov addressed the state of US-Russia relations, expressing cautious optimism about the potential for continued dialogue. He referenced a recent summit in Alaska between Russian President Vladimir Putin and US President Donald Trump, suggesting that Moscow “places certain hopes” on maintaining open channels of communication with Washington.
A key issue raised by Lavrov was the future of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START), the last remaining arms control agreement between the United States and Russia. The treaty, which limits the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads and delivery systems, is set to expire in February 2026. Lavrov noted that President Putin has proposed extending the treaty’s quantitative limits for one year beyond its expiration, provided the United States also complies with its obligations.
This proposal, Lavrov argued, is a pragmatic step to prevent a new arms race and maintain strategic stability. “An extension of New START would provide both sides with predictability and time to negotiate a more comprehensive agreement,” he said. The minister emphasized that Russia remains committed to arms control but expects reciprocity from the United States.
Lavrov’s comments on US-Russia relations come at a time of heightened tensions, particularly over issues such as Ukraine, cybersecurity, and sanctions. He acknowledged the challenges in the bilateral relationship but stressed the importance of dialogue to address mutual concerns. “We are ready to engage with the United States on equal terms,” Lavrov said, signaling Russia’s willingness to cooperate while insisting on respect for its interests.
Broader Implications and Global Reactions
Lavrov’s speech at the UN General Assembly was a carefully crafted message aimed at both domestic and international audiences. For Russia’s domestic audience, it reinforced the narrative of a strong and principled nation standing up to Western aggression and defending its interests. Internationally, the speech sought to position Russia as a champion of fairness, multipolarity, and adherence to international law, particularly in contrast to what Moscow perceives as Western hypocrisy.
The speech also highlighted Russia’s strategic alignment with countries in the Global South, as well as its partnerships with nations like China and Iran. By emphasizing issues such as Palestinian statehood, UN reform, and opposition to Western sanctions, Lavrov aimed to appeal to nations that share Russia’s critiques of the current global order.
Reactions to Lavrov’s speech were mixed. Western diplomats and media outlets were quick to dismiss his remarks as propaganda, arguing that Russia’s actions in Ukraine and elsewhere contradict its claims of peaceful intentions. Meanwhile, representatives from some Global South countries expressed support for Lavrov’s calls for UN reform and greater representation for developing nations.
In the Middle East, Lavrov’s strong stance on Palestine and Iran resonated with audiences critical of Israel and the United States. However, Israel and its allies were likely to view his comments as one-sided and inflammatory, further complicating Russia’s role as a mediator in the region.
Conclusion
Sergey Lavrov’s address to the 80th session of the UN General Assembly was a comprehensive articulation of Russia’s worldview and foreign policy priorities. By addressing issues ranging from NATO and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to UN reform and US-Russia relations, Lavrov sought to project Russia as a principled actor in a rapidly changing world. His speech underscored the importance of multipolarity, equality, and adherence to international law while sharply criticizing Western policies and actions.
As the international community grapples with ongoing conflicts, shifting power dynamics, and the need for institutional reform, Lavrov’s remarks serve as a reminder of the deep divisions that continue to shape global politics. Whether his calls for dialogue, reform, and fairness will resonate with other nations remains to be seen, but his speech undoubtedly set the stage for further debates on the future of the global order.